In 2025 the European Union imported 11.4 billion euros worth of green energy products, solar panels, biofuels and wind turbines, and exported 4.6 billion euros, Eurostat reported. The composition shifted sharply. Solar panel imports fell 27.7 percent in value to 8.0 billion euros while volumes fell only 4.0 percent, implying a steep drop in average panel prices. Biofuel imports were worth 2.7 billion euros, down 7.9 percent in value and 11.6 percent in volume. Wind turbines moved the other way: import value rose 40.6 percent to 0.7 billion euros and import volume rose 69.0 percent.
On the export side, wind turbines were the largest of the three groups at 3.1 billion euros, up 10.8 percent in value and 9.5 percent in volume, making turbines the only segment where the EU exports more than it imports. Solar panel exports were 0.5 billion euros, down 23.6 percent in value despite volumes rising 2.6 percent. Biofuel exports fell hardest, down 45.9 percent in value to 1.0 billion euros and 46.2 percent in volume.
Supplier concentration deepened. China supplied 98.6 percent of solar panel imports in 2025. For wind turbines, China took the top supplier spot with 59.6 percent of imports, up from 41.3 percent in 2024, ahead of India at 22.2 percent. In biofuels, Malaysia led with 21.9 percent, followed by the United States at 16.1 percent, Argentina at 12.4 percent and the United Kingdom at 12.3 percent, while China’s share of EU biofuel imports collapsed from 24.2 percent in 2024 to 1.3 percent in 2025.